The above studies indicate that PwMS indeed experience an alteration in the intestinal barrier due to an altered intestinal immune response and microbial dysbiosis (247)
Over time, eating lessor eating less consistentlymay impact how you feel day to day, including energy, digestion, and overall balance
Important considerations when combining HRT and GLP-1 Before starting or combining HRT and GLP-1, there are several factors to discuss with a clinician: Not all HRT formulations are the same: Transdermal estrogen and micronized progesterone are often preferred when combining with other medications Individual risk factors matter: History of certain cancers, cardiovascular issues, or blood clots affects HRT suitability Monitoring is important: Regular check-ins help ensure both treatments are working well together Timing and dosing: A clinician can help determine whether to start treatments simultaneously or sequentially A personalized approach to weight loss during hormonal changes Because every body responds differently to hormonal shifts and medications, personalized care makes a meaningful difference in outcomes
Zhao T, Chen S, Wang B, et al
Circ Heart Fail 6(2):219226 Vergaro G, Del Franco A, Giannoni A, Prontera C, Ripoli A, Barison A, Masci PG, Aquaro GD, Cohen SA, Padeletti L, Passino C, Emdin M (2015) Galectin-3 and myocardial fibrosis in nonischemic dilated cardiomyopathy
